Journal of Applied Biosciences (J. Appl. Biosci.) [ISSN 1997 - 5902]
Volume 6: 184 - 190. Published June 2008.
EFFECT OF SOME CRUDE PLANT EXTRACTS ON GROWTH OF Colletotrichum capsici (Synd) Butler & Bisby, CAUSAL AGENT OF PEPPER ANTHRACNOSE
Nduagu C, *^Ekefan EJ. and Nwankiti AO.
*Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.
^Corresponding author e-mail: drekefan@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of some plant extracts on the growth of Colletotrichum capsici.
Methodology and results: The crude extracts of leaf, stem bark and root bark of Annona senegalensis (Pers.), Azadirachta indica (A. Juss.), Chromolaena odorata (Linn.), Citrus limon (L.Burm. F.), Cochlospermum planchonii (Hook F.), Hymenocardia acida (Tul.), Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) Psidium guajava (L.), Ricinus communis (Linn), Tephrosia vogelii (Hooks) and Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) were screened to determine their effect on the colony diameter and sporulation of Colletotrichum capsici. The potentially active components responsible for fungitoxicity were also assessed. All the leaf extracts did not inhibit colony diameter of C. capsici while stem bark and root bark extracts of A. indica and V. amygdalina exhibited strong fungitoxicity against the fungus. The stem bark extract of Cochlospermum planchonii completely inhibited sporulation of C. capsici. The groups of compounds present that are likely to be responsible for fungitoxicity were identified to be alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins and tannins.
Conclusion and application of findings: The study demonstrate that crude extracts from stem bark and root bark of A. indica, V. amygdalina and C. planchonii exhibit strong fungitoxicity against C. capcisi and have potential for being formulated into products for the control of anthracnose of sweet pepper.
Key words: Plant extracts, Colletotrichum, anthracnose, pepper, Capsicum sp.
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